There are really 2 ways to get a SPClaimProvider registered – 1 via a Farm Feature activation. The other is via PowerShell.
However, the documentation on how to remove is not that clear.
The following code will remove it based upon a TypeName. Other identifiers can be used.
In order to remove:
Get-SPClaimProvider | ForEach-Object {
Write-Host $_.TypeName
IF ( $_.TypeName -eq "SimpleClaimsProvider.LVClaimsProvider")
{
Write-Host "Found"
$cp = $_
}
}
$cp.DisplayName
Remove-SPClaimProvider $cp